Mortar is the bonding material between bricks, concrete block, stone, and many other masonry materials.It is made from Portland cement, lime, sand, and water in varying ratios. A common mortar made from portland cement has one part cement to one part of lime and 6 parts of sand (abbreviated to CI:LI:S6 or more simply 1:1:6). The proportioning and mixing guide for site-made mortar ( below ) also applies to lime-sand mortar. A whiter mortar typically indicates a lime mortar. The firmness of the wet mortar can be altered by changing the type of sand, the sand/cement ratio and the amount of water added to the mix. Lime-sand mortars are a factory produced mixture of damp sand and hydrated lime delivered to site in specified proportions, to which cement, additives and water are added in a mixer prior to use. Mortar mix is a critically important building component that must be combined thoroughly. Lime mortar today is primarily used in the conservation of existing old buildings or the recreation of new ones using traditional methods. Traditional mortar was made from lime putty, or slaked lime, combined with local sand, generally in a ratio of 1 part lime putty to 3 parts sand by volume. Cement/Lime mortars. i.e. Lime mortar is composed of lime (hydraulic, or non hydraulic), water and an aggregate such as sand. In most cases ‘soft’ building sands conforming to either Type S (BS 1199) or Type G (BS 1200). There is a quick test you can conduct to further check what type of mortar you have. The strength of 1:6 ratio of mortar after 28 days is 3.0 N/mm2. Its use dates back at least 6,000 years, to the Ancient Egyptians who used lime to plaster the pyramids. Mixing Mortar. Lime mortar basically falls into two main catagories; 'Pure' lime is that which has been produced with no impurities and is reliant on good drying conditions for a 'set' to be acheived (often sold as lime putty)and hydraulic lime is basically the same, but with impurities within the fiished lime … The most common mortar mix ratio for wall plastering is 1:6, here 1 part is cement and 6 part is sand in a workable amount of water. The limestones from which hydraulic limes are formed naturally contain a varied range of minerals of which silica and alumina are the main ones for creating hydraulic lime. Each type is mixed with a different ratio of cement, lime, and sand to produce specific performance characteristics such as flexibility, bonding properties, and compressive strength. There is a white Portland cement mortar, this can be tricky and fool the eye into thinking you are looking at historic lime mortar. Guide to mixing natural hydraulic lime mortar Hydraulic limes differ from non-hydraulic limes in that they have a chemical set as well as the process of carbonation. The best mortar mix type for any project depends on the application and the various design specifications for the masonry construction. Lime mortars – Pure lime mortars usually require a well graded sharp sand to perform adequately, a typical specification would be to BS882:1992.T.4 Grades ‘C’ & ‘M’. Most bricks and blocks are quite porous and as only a thin layer of mortar is required, a wet or “sloppy” mix is often preferable. Mortar proportions are always expressed as the proportion of cement to lime to sand… and always in that order. The strength can be increased upto 2.0 N/mm2 by decreasing one portion of sand. If mortar is grayer in color, it is likely Portland cement modern mortar. Hi. 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